Blog Credit

Audrey Pickens & Tiffany Bergman

Period 3, History

April 2013

Battle 1: Fort Sumter

The Battle of Fort Sumter!

Date: April 12, 1861

Location: the harbor of Charleston, South Carolina

Geographic features: Island harbor

Personnel: Abraham Lincoln, Major Robert Anderson

Leaders: Abraham Lincoln

Technology: shotguns

Outcome: No one was killed. Anderson surrendered.

Impact: This was the battle that initially started the Civil War.

Battle 2: Bull Run

Manassas, the First Battle of Bull Run!

Date: July 21, 1861

Location: a creek called Bull Run, just north of Manassas

Geographic features: Creek

Personnel: General Pierre Beauregard, General Thomas J. Jackson

Leaders: General Irvin McDowell, General Pierre Beauregard

Technology: Rebel Yell

Outcome: Confederates won, and the South thought the war was over because of that. The North realized they had underestimated the South.

Impact: Lincoln sent out 90-day soldiers back home and called for a real army of 500,000 volunteers for three years.

Battle 3: Shiloh, Pittsburgh Landing

Battle of Shiloh, Pittsburgh Landing!

Date: April 6, 1862

Location: Tennessee

Personnel: General William Tecumsen Sherman, General Johnson, General Pierre Beauregard

Leader: Ulysses S. Grant

Technology: Boats, guns, ferries

Outcome: Everyone had thought the battle would end by dawn, but there was a thunder-storm that interrupted their battle. Grant was attacked by boats up the river, so he sent troops to the Southerners to attack, and the South retreated.

Impact: 11000 of the 41000 soldiers were lost on the Confederate side. 13000 soldiers lost on the Union side, which was one-fourth of the men they had. 

Battle 4: Antietam, Sharpsburg

The Battle of Antietam, Sharpsburg!

(Also referred to as Bloody Antietam)

Date: September 17, 1862

Location: Antietam creek, in Sharpsburg Maryland

Geographic Features: Creek

Personnel: Robert E. Lee, McClellan

Leaders: Robert E. Lee, McClellan

Outcome: Neither side had gained any ground by that night, and 25,000 men were killed or wounded. Lee withdrew to Virginia, and McClellan was fired by Lincoln.

Impact: Known as the bloodiest day in American history

Battle 5: Fredericksburg I, Marye's Heights

The Battle of Fredericksburg I, Marye's Heights!

Date: December 13, 1862

Location: Fredericksburg, Virginia

Geographic Features: River

Personnel: General William B. Franklin, Robert E. Lee

Leader: Robert E. Lee

Technology: Guns

Outcome: 9,000 killed, wounded, or left missing. Confederates were the winners.

Impact: Is the largest and deadliest battle of the Civil War.

Battle 6: Chancellorsville

The Battle of Chancellorsville!

Date: April 30-May 6, 1863

Location: Chancellorsville, Virginia

Geographical Features: Rivers

Personnel:  Maj. Gen. Joseph Hooker [US]; Gen. Robert E. Lee and Maj. Gen. Thomas J. Jackson [CS]

Leaders:  Maj. Gen. Joseph Hooker [US]; Gen. Robert E. Lee and Maj. Gen. Thomas J. Jackson [CS]

Technology: Mechanical Arms

Outcome: Confederate victory; 24,000 total casualties (US 14,000; CS 10,000)

Impact: Stonewall Jackson had died. Without him, Lee's next battle (Gettysburg) was lost. 

Battle 7: Vicksburg

The Battle of Vicksburg!

Date: May 18-July 4, 1863

Location: Vicksburg, Mississippi

Geographical Features: Deep Ravines

Personnel: Maj. Gen. Ulysses S. Grant [US]; Lt. Gen. John C. Pemberton [CS]

Leaders:  Maj. Gen. Ulysses S. Grant [US]; Lt. Gen. John C. Pemberton [CS]

Technology: Mechanical Arms

Outcome: Union victory; 19,233 total casualties (US 10,142; CS 9,091)

Impact: It isolated all Confederates to the West of the river till the end of the war.

Battle 8: Gettysburg

The Battle of Gettysburg!

Date: July 1st-3rd, 1863

Location: Gettysburg, Pennsylvania

Geographic features: High Ground

Personnel: Maj. Gen. George G. Meade [US]; Gen. Robert E. Lee [CS]

Leaders: Maj. Gen. George G. Meade [US]; Gen. Robert E. Lee [CS]

Technology: Mechanical Arms

Outcome: Union victory; 51,000 total casualties (US 23,000; CS 28,000)

Impact: Deciding factor of the Civil War

Battle 9: Fort Wagner/Morris Island

The Battle of Fort Wagner/Morris Island!

Date: July 18-September 7, 1863

Location: Fort Wagner / Morris Island, South Carolina

Geographic features: Beachhead

Personnel: Major General Quincy Gillmore  [US]

 General P.G.T. Beauregard [CS] 

Leaders:  Major General Quincy Gillmore  [US]

 General P.G.T. Beauregard [CS] 

Technology: Mechanical Arms

Outcome: Confederate Victory; 1689 casualties of which 1515 were Union soldiers

Impact: The Federals began to siege operations involving the fort

Battle 10: Appomattox Court House

The Battle of Appomattox Court House!

Date: April 9, 1865

Location: Appomattox County

Geographic features: Rolling hills

Personnel:  Lt. Gen. Ulysses S. Grant [US]; Gen. Robert E. Lee [CS] 

Leaders: Lt. Gen. Ulysses S. Grant [US]; Gen. Robert E. Lee [CS] 

Technology: Modern Railway

Outcome: Union won; 700 total casualties 

Impact: This was the final engagement of the war in Virginia.